Year 11...
Post your questions and answers for help with your revision.
Help each other out by answering each others questions!
Tuesday 3 March 2009
Tuesday 10 February 2009
Thursday 29 January 2009
politicians In Slumbai
The politicians in the area are using the slums as "Vote Banks". I dont think thats fair, do you?
Slumbai/Mumbai
Hi everybody! For those of you who do not know Mumbai is one of the main cities in India. The name Slumbai comes from the fact that there is a large area of slums next to the Central Business District (CBD) of Mumbai city.
The slums first began in the 1950s when out of towners moved to the city for a good job. Unfortunately houses in the CBD were expensive so small shacks started to appear around it. These shacks were made from a bit of everything (rubble, metal, wood etc) because its cheap.
The slums are operated in my the Mumbai Mafia. They force citizens to pay rent for living in the slums.
In 2004 Chief Minister, Vilasrao Deshmukh, ordered te demolishion of part of the slums. 90,000 slums were bulldozed and left 300,000 people homeless. This is atrocious in my opinion. Fortunately they are well supported as they are needed in the economy of Mumbai as most of the workforce in the CBD live in the slums.
Slumbai
Living conditions in the slums are terrible! From the picture you can see the state at which pople are living in! Its appauling.
READ ME!!!! The Slums Would You Want To Live Here
life in the slums is hard. its a simple fact that many people ignore. image a orld with no electricoty, comfort or even clean sanatation areas. you would have no tvs, radio, ipods or any kind of electrical equipment at all. People in slums even lack the simplisitys like toilets or just running water.
Slum life first began in mumbi in the 1950s. the idea behind it is that people living out in the contry side and living of the land decide to try and better there selfs in the bright lights of the city. the reality is much harsher. People arrive in the city and fail to find work. the house in the contry side has been sold but there is not enough money to rent a new place. you are STUCK. so people do the only think that they can and build there own shelters. this reeatedly happens hundreds of times a year and so eventually these self made shelters become a shanty town or SLUM!
Slum life first began in mumbi in the 1950s. the idea behind it is that people living out in the contry side and living of the land decide to try and better there selfs in the bright lights of the city. the reality is much harsher. People arrive in the city and fail to find work. the house in the contry side has been sold but there is not enough money to rent a new place. you are STUCK. so people do the only think that they can and build there own shelters. this reeatedly happens hundreds of times a year and so eventually these self made shelters become a shanty town or SLUM!
My Opinion Of "Slumbai"
i cant believe it!
Just givin p on us because were not clever1
You should be encouraging us more, they hav got their high grades and we havent.
We need inspiration
Just givin p on us because were not clever1
You should be encouraging us more, they hav got their high grades and we havent.
We need inspiration
From Bombay to Mumbai to Slumbai
The city of Mumbai in India (previously known as Bombay)is the "proud" owner of the title "biggest slum of Asia". A staggering eight million Mumbai citizens live in slums around the city and 40% of policemen in fact live in slums. Politicians have taken advantage of these conditions to get votes which is disgraceful manipulation of the slum dwellers of Mumbai.
However, these citizens should be at part celebrated as they were resilient when their homes were destroyed and have now gone as far as to start rebuilding them!
However, these citizens should be at part celebrated as they were resilient when their homes were destroyed and have now gone as far as to start rebuilding them!
Slumbai 'In Conjunction With Slumdog Millionaire'
If you haven't heard of this place then take a look at the slums which dominate the city of mumbai and shrowd over the appeal of the town and add an extremely heavy burden upon the influentual people within it.
It used to be and still is christened as bombay by us brits but it is infact now named mumbai and to the indian people who live there it has always been that way. since the fall of the british empire the name we gave to the city has been eradicated and rightly so in my opinion.
Slumbai
Slums first started appearing in Mumbai in the 1950s as immgrants from other parts of Maharashtra state. Just under 8 million of Mumbai's citizens live in zopadpattis. Every year, around 1,000 slum dwellers are killed crossing train tracks just getting to and from their homes.
The Slums of Mumbai
Slums vary in sophistication, in total 8 million of Mumbais citizens live in slums.
The Slums of Mumbai
Mumbai can be viewed as India's largest and most multicultural city by websites advertising to tourists, however, these don't seem to inform outsiders of the slums, and the new name for the city, Slumbai.
It is estimated that 100 to 300 new families come to Mumbai everyday to join the other eight million slum dwellers, as Mumbai is set to become the slum capital of the world.
Slumbai
What do you think of the "Time Out Guide" article on Mumbai?
What are the key points about the Slums in Mumbai that you can find in the article?
River floods 2007 by (Barck Obama)
The 2007 United Kingdom floods were a series of destructive floods that occurred in various areas across the country during the summer of 2007. The most severe floods occurred across Northern Ireland on 12 June; East Yorkshire and The Midlands on 15 June; Yorkshire, The Midlands, Gloucestershire and Worcestershire on 25 June; and Gloucestershire, Worcestershire, Oxfordshire, Berkshire and South Wales on 20 July.
June was one of the wettest months on record in Britain (see List of weather records). Average rainfall across England was 140 millimetres (5.5 inch), more than double the June average. Some areas received a month's worth of precipitation in just 24 hours. It was Britain's wettest May–July since records began (in 1776). July had unusually unsettled weather and above-average rainfall through the month, peaking on 20 July as an active frontal system dumped more than 120 millimetres (4.7 in) of rain in southern England.
Civil and military authorities described the June and July rescue efforts as the biggest in peacetime Britain. The Environment Agency described the July floods as critical and expected them to exceed the 1947 benchmark.
June was one of the wettest months on record in Britain (see List of weather records). Average rainfall across England was 140 millimetres (5.5 inch), more than double the June average. Some areas received a month's worth of precipitation in just 24 hours. It was Britain's wettest May–July since records began (in 1776). July had unusually unsettled weather and above-average rainfall through the month, peaking on 20 July as an active frontal system dumped more than 120 millimetres (4.7 in) of rain in southern England.
Civil and military authorities described the June and July rescue efforts as the biggest in peacetime Britain. The Environment Agency described the July floods as critical and expected them to exceed the 1947 benchmark.
river ganges
the ganges is one of the major rivers of the Indian subcontinent, flowing east through the Gangetic Plain of northern India into Bangladesh. The 2,510 km (1,560 mi) river rises in the western Himalayas in the Uttarakhand state of India, and drains into the Sunderbans delta in the Bay of Bengal. The Ganges and its tributaries drain a 1,000,000-square-kilometre (390,000 sq mi) fertile basin that supports one of the world's highest density of humans.
Sollutions:
Bangladesh Flood Action Plan (FAP) - a plan to try to control the impact of the river flooding Main features of plan:
5000 flood shelters built on stilts in areas most at risk
Improved flood forecasting system using satellite and computers
Build dams to control river flow and hold back monsoon rain water in reservoirs
Complete and strengthen embankments along the main river channels to a height of up to seven metres
Sollutions:
Bangladesh Flood Action Plan (FAP) - a plan to try to control the impact of the river flooding Main features of plan:
5000 flood shelters built on stilts in areas most at risk
Improved flood forecasting system using satellite and computers
Build dams to control river flow and hold back monsoon rain water in reservoirs
Complete and strengthen embankments along the main river channels to a height of up to seven metres
river ganges flood in 2004
The annual rains have swollen South Asia's largest rivers - the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Jamuna - which all flow through Bangladesh before draining into the Bay of Bengal.
Later the situation had improved slightly in the north but was getting worse around the capital, Dhaka.
12 people were killed, and more than three million people were stranded. Thousands of others were homeless and seeking shelter.
Officials in the city of Sylhet - cut off from the rest of the country - said the flooding is the worst since 1988, when two-thirds of Bangladesh was submerged.
Later the situation had improved slightly in the north but was getting worse around the capital, Dhaka.
12 people were killed, and more than three million people were stranded. Thousands of others were homeless and seeking shelter.
Officials in the city of Sylhet - cut off from the rest of the country - said the flooding is the worst since 1988, when two-thirds of Bangladesh was submerged.
Severn and Thames.....2007 (Emma Wagstaff)
In 2007 the rivers Severn and Thames flooded due to eccess rainfall, the pressure on the rivers banks led to them to burst and cause water to flow, unchallenged, through Gloucestershire and Upton-upon-Trent.
The Environment Agency said water levels on both rivers had exceeded those of devastating floods in 1947. We had not seen flooding to this magnitude before.
Other main developments include:
-Environment Agency chief executive Baroness Young told the BBC that about £1bn a year was needed to improve flood defences.
-The Association of British Insurers has said the total bill for the June and July floods could reach £2billion.
-The RAF said it is carrying out its biggest ever peacetime operation, with six Sea King helicopters rescuing up to 120 people.
-More than one hundred Royal Navy personnel have been sent to Gloucestershire to help the worst affected areas.
350,000 homes were left without running water and 15,000 without and electricity.
Since then the government has issued regulations which prevent companies from building on flood plains in a help to reduce the risk of flood damage in the area.
The Environment Agency said water levels on both rivers had exceeded those of devastating floods in 1947. We had not seen flooding to this magnitude before.
Other main developments include:
-Environment Agency chief executive Baroness Young told the BBC that about £1bn a year was needed to improve flood defences.
-The Association of British Insurers has said the total bill for the June and July floods could reach £2billion.
-The RAF said it is carrying out its biggest ever peacetime operation, with six Sea King helicopters rescuing up to 120 people.
-More than one hundred Royal Navy personnel have been sent to Gloucestershire to help the worst affected areas.
350,000 homes were left without running water and 15,000 without and electricity.
Since then the government has issued regulations which prevent companies from building on flood plains in a help to reduce the risk of flood damage in the area.
UK 2007 Thames Flooding
This image shows the Thames Flood Barrier which is located just outside central London. However after the 2007 flood, experts fear that by 2030 the current barrier could be unable to cope. There has been talk of building a new Barrier in 2030 which will be able to cope with floods to come. On BBS news it gives some details, "A £20bn new Thames barrier could be built to prevent potentially disastrous flooding in London".
This image is evidence that in 20 years the Barrier willbe unable to cope. As you can seein the picture, the water levels are very high, and with the Thames estuary being one of the Biggest in Britain, there i fear that with rising water levels, the barrier wouldn't be very effective so a bigger barrier would need to be built.
This is a link to BBC news that has a video which shows us hpw the barrier works.
2007 River Severn Floods
The summer of 2007 was recorded as the wettest since records began in 1914 by MetOffice. Between May and July the rainfall on the UK was nearly double the average, this led to the River Severn bursting its banks first on the 25th June and then much worse on the 20th July. The worst affected area was Gloucestershire where
7 people died in the floods and the fire and rescue service attended 1,800 calls within 18 hours (normally they would attend 8,000 in one year). 50,000 homes were left without electricity and another 420,000 homes had no running water - the Army had to distribute 3 million bottles of water each day.
7 people died in the floods and the fire and rescue service attended 1,800 calls within 18 hours (normally they would attend 8,000 in one year). 50,000 homes were left without electricity and another 420,000 homes had no running water - the Army had to distribute 3 million bottles of water each day.
River Severn 2007
The River Severn is 220 miles (354km) long, the longest river in Great Britain. It rises at an altitude of 2,001 feet (610 m) on Plynlimon near Llanidloes, Powys, in the Cambrian Mountains of mid Wales. It then flows through Shropshire, Worcestershire and Gloucestershire, with the county towns of Shrewsbury, Worcester, and Gloucester on its banks.
With a large discharge in Gloucestershire, the Severn is England's greatest river in terms of water flow, and is considered one of the ten major rivers of the United Kingdom.
The Severn's drainage basin area is 11,420 square kilometres (4,409 sq miles). The major tributaries to the Severn are the Vyrnwy, Teme, Warwickshire Avon and Stour.
Why did the river flood in 2007?
June was one of the wettest months on record in Britain . Average rainfall across England was 140 millimetres, more than double the June average. Some areas received a month's worth of precipitation in just 24 hours. All this meant that the ground was already saturated by July which had unusually unsettled weather and above-average rainfall through the month, peaking on 20 July when more than 120 mm of rainfall fell in southern Britain . The infiltration capacity of the soil was at a minimum and overland flow occurred very rapidly. The river reached its bankfull levels very quickly and so the floodplain was flooded with water.
The flooding was made worse because towns such as Tewksbury and Gloucester are built on the floodplain of the river. This is the naturally low lying land adjacent to the river channel which is easiest to build on. Urban environments are made up of hard concrete surfaces which do not allow water to infiltrate naturally into the soil. Sewers and drainage systems also allow the water to flow to the river much faster than in a natural environment. However there was criticism that some sewers and drains were blocked and this meant that water built up and contributed to the severity of the flooding.
With a large discharge in Gloucestershire, the Severn is England's greatest river in terms of water flow, and is considered one of the ten major rivers of the United Kingdom.
The Severn's drainage basin area is 11,420 square kilometres (4,409 sq miles). The major tributaries to the Severn are the Vyrnwy, Teme, Warwickshire Avon and Stour.
Why did the river flood in 2007?
June was one of the wettest months on record in Britain . Average rainfall across England was 140 millimetres, more than double the June average. Some areas received a month's worth of precipitation in just 24 hours. All this meant that the ground was already saturated by July which had unusually unsettled weather and above-average rainfall through the month, peaking on 20 July when more than 120 mm of rainfall fell in southern Britain . The infiltration capacity of the soil was at a minimum and overland flow occurred very rapidly. The river reached its bankfull levels very quickly and so the floodplain was flooded with water.
The flooding was made worse because towns such as Tewksbury and Gloucester are built on the floodplain of the river. This is the naturally low lying land adjacent to the river channel which is easiest to build on. Urban environments are made up of hard concrete surfaces which do not allow water to infiltrate naturally into the soil. Sewers and drainage systems also allow the water to flow to the river much faster than in a natural environment. However there was criticism that some sewers and drains were blocked and this meant that water built up and contributed to the severity of the flooding.
River Severn 2007.
Flooding in UK in 2007.
The summer floods of 2007 caused widespread damage to homes and businesses across large parts of England. The River Severn burst its banks over a wide area on the night of Saturday 21 and Sunday 22 July 2007.
Heavy rain in June saw severe flooding in Yorkshire, Lincolnshire and the Midlands.
About 7,000 homes in Hull and more than 1,200 in Sheffield were affected.
Seven people died when the River Severn burst its banks in Gloucestershire, and more than 350,000 people were left without running water after a treatment works was submerged.
It was Britain's wettest May–July since records began (in 1776).
The combination of high rainfall and high water levels from the earlier rainfall led to extensive flooding across many parts of England and Wales, with the Midlands, Gloucestershire, Worcestershire, South, West and East Yorkshire the most affected. Gales along the east coast also caused storm damage.
UK 2007 severn flooding :)
June was one of the wettest months on record in Britain. Average rainfall across England was 140 millimetres (5.5 in), more than double the June average. Some areas received a month's worth of precipitation in just 24 hours. It was Britain's wettest May–July since records began (in 1776). July had unusually unsettled weather and above-average rainfall through the month, peaking on 20 July as an active frontal system dumped more than 120 millimetres (4.7 in) of rain in southern England.
Duration- 1 June 2007— 26 July 2007
Damages- £2 billion
Fatalities- 13
GLOUCESTERSHIRE
Three people died after the River Severn burst its banks and led to flooding in locations including Gloucester and Tewkesbury.
At one point more than 350,000 people in the county found themselves without running water, after treatment works were submerged. About 140,000 people were without a supply for more than a week
Bottled water and water tanks were brought in to bolster supplies, with shops reporting strong sales of basic supplies, and queues forming outside supermarkets.
By 30 July, the first of 60,000 homes started to get running water back in the worst-hit Gloucester area but Severn Trent warned customers the supply would initially not be fit for drinking.
On 28 July, rescue teams searching for a teenager who went missing in Tewkesbury during the heavy flooding recovered a body.
The find came a day after the discovery of two bodies, of Bramwell Lane, 64, and his son Chris, who died in Tewkesbury trying to pump water from a flooded rugby club.
Thousands of motorists were stranded overnight on the M5 in the county on the night of 21 July.
a number of official severe warinings were given to areas around the river severn and as a result of this many people were evacuated, however temporary barriers were introduced into certain areas however this did not prevent the water reaching buildings and causing extensive dammage.
UK flooding in 2007
In the summer of 2007, there was a series of destructive floods across the UK. One of the worst examples was the flooding of the River Severn. May-July was wetter than it had ever been before. Gloucestershire was the worst affected county. 50,000 people were left without electricity and the town of Tewkesbury was completely cut off and part of the town was under 3 feet of water. 420,000 people were left without water for days. Many houses were damaged by the flooding and some places still haven't got over the effects. 3 people were killed by the floods and the rescue operation has been called the biggest in peacetime Britain. The total cost of the 2007 floods has been estimated at £2 billion. The government has since planned to improve flood defences in areas at risk.
The River Ganges
The River Ganges
The Gange River is one of the major rivers of the Indian subcontinent. It was recently named the National River of India. The Ganges and it's tributaries drain a 1,000,000 square kilometres fertile basin that supports one of the world's highest density of humans.
With 40% of the capital, Dhaka, underwater and warnings from aid agencies about water-borne diseases once the water finally recedes, questions have been asked as to why the floods this year have been so damaging.
Part of the answer is due to the fact that Bangladesh receives enormous amounts of water from four major rivers. The Padma - more widely known as the Ganges, the Brahmaputra, the Jamuna and the Meghna.
Deforestation may be partly to blame, causing soil erosion which reduces the ability of the land to absorb water.
Irrigation for farming is a factor, because this causes river channels to silt up, reducing their capacity to hold flood waters.
According to some experts, irrigation interferes with river drainage into the sea.
Climate experts also believe global warming is partly to blame, by increasing monsoon rainfall and speeding up the melting of Himalayan snows.
Wednesday 28 January 2009
Why is the Aral sea shrinking
The aral is shrinking because of farmers in the surronding area useing the water from th aral sea for the crops mostly cotton which needs lots of water to grow.The aral sea has decreas signifacly over th last few years where harbours used to be is now dsert and local fisher men are fining it harder to fish there.Also run off from fertileser runs into the aral sea and poulluting it
The Aral Sea-Very Poor Management
Should the soviet have though about the affects of diverting rivers from the aral sea for cotton crops before they did it?
Why water management in Israel so poor?
In Israel, there is more water in the North then South, therefore most of the South area are desert. Why do you think their water management is so poor and what do you think that Israel government should do to avoid this problem?
most?
Aral Sea - should it be refilled?
The Aral Sea is all dried up so whay do the people persist in filling it up.
That water could be used to drik and wash instead of wasting thousand sof gallons of it onto some dried up sea.
What are your opinions?
That water could be used to drik and wash instead of wasting thousand sof gallons of it onto some dried up sea.
What are your opinions?
Las Vegas: why do people use so much water for worthless things?
swimming pools
fountains
water features
Do people really need them?
fountains
water features
Do people really need them?
Is water a real reason for war?
After signing the 1979 peace treaty with Israel, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat said his nation will never go to war again, except to protect its water resources.
King Hussein of Jordan identified water as the only reason that might lead him to war with the Jewish state.
Former United Nations Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghali warned bluntly that the next war in the area will be over water.
From Turkey to Uganda, and from Morocco to Oman, nations with some of the highest birth-rates in the world are all concerned about how to find enough water to sustain urban growth and to meet the needs of agriculture, the main cause of depleting water resources in the region.
All of these countries depend on either the three great river systems which have an average renewal rate of between 18 days to three months, or on vast underground aquifers some of which could take centuries to refill.
The Nile, the world's longest river, is shared between nine countries whose population is likely to double within two decades; yet the volume of water the Nile provides today is no larger than it was when Moses was found in the bulrushes.
The list of 'water-scarce' countries in the region grew steadily from three in 1955 to eight in 1990 with another seven expected to be added within 20 years, including three Nile nations.
The hidden factor
International law is inadequate in defining and regulating the use of shared water resources. Few agreements have been reached about how water should be shared.
Middle Eastern nations have resorted to force over issues less serious than water.
Since the Madrid conference in 1991, Palestine-Israel negotiations and the now frozen negotiations with Syria have always stumbled over the issue of sharing water.
With the Israeli army in control prohibiting Palestinians from pumping water, and settlers using much more advanced pumping equipment, Palestinians complain of "daily theft" of as much as 80% of their underground water.
Ariel Sharon went on record saying that the Six Day War started because Syrian engineers were working on diverting part of the water flow away from Israel.
"People generally regard 5 June 1967 as the day the Six-day war began,'' he said.
"That is the official date. But, in reality, it started two-and-a-half years earlier, on the day Israel decided to act against the diversion of the Jordan.''
King Hussein of Jordan identified water as the only reason that might lead him to war with the Jewish state.
Former United Nations Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghali warned bluntly that the next war in the area will be over water.
From Turkey to Uganda, and from Morocco to Oman, nations with some of the highest birth-rates in the world are all concerned about how to find enough water to sustain urban growth and to meet the needs of agriculture, the main cause of depleting water resources in the region.
All of these countries depend on either the three great river systems which have an average renewal rate of between 18 days to three months, or on vast underground aquifers some of which could take centuries to refill.
The Nile, the world's longest river, is shared between nine countries whose population is likely to double within two decades; yet the volume of water the Nile provides today is no larger than it was when Moses was found in the bulrushes.
The list of 'water-scarce' countries in the region grew steadily from three in 1955 to eight in 1990 with another seven expected to be added within 20 years, including three Nile nations.
The hidden factor
International law is inadequate in defining and regulating the use of shared water resources. Few agreements have been reached about how water should be shared.
Middle Eastern nations have resorted to force over issues less serious than water.
Since the Madrid conference in 1991, Palestine-Israel negotiations and the now frozen negotiations with Syria have always stumbled over the issue of sharing water.
With the Israeli army in control prohibiting Palestinians from pumping water, and settlers using much more advanced pumping equipment, Palestinians complain of "daily theft" of as much as 80% of their underground water.
Ariel Sharon went on record saying that the Six Day War started because Syrian engineers were working on diverting part of the water flow away from Israel.
"People generally regard 5 June 1967 as the day the Six-day war began,'' he said.
"That is the official date. But, in reality, it started two-and-a-half years earlier, on the day Israel decided to act against the diversion of the Jordan.''
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